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<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b><i>Description of Business</i></b></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">We are a biopharmaceutical company focused on
the acquisition, development and commercialization of novel treatments for B-cell malignancies and autoimmune diseases. Currently,
we are developing two therapies targeting hematologic malignancies. TG-1101 (ublituximab) is a novel, glycoengineered monoclonal
antibody that targets a unique epitope on the CD20 antigen found on mature B-lymphocytes. We are also developing TGR-1202 (umbralisib),
an orally available PI3K delta inhibitor. The delta isoform of PI3K is strongly expressed in cells of hematopoietic origin and
is believed to be important in the proliferation and survival of B-lymphocytes. Both TG-1101 and TGR-1202, or the combination of
which is referred to as "U2," are in Phase 3 clinical development for patients with hematologic malignancies, with TG-1101
also in Phase 3 clinical development for Multiple Sclerosis. Additionally, the Company has recently brought its anti-PD-L1 monoclonal
antibody into Phase 1 development and aims to bring additional pipeline assets into the clinic in the future.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">We also actively evaluate complementary products,
technologies and companies for in-licensing, partnership, acquisition and/or investment opportunities. To date, we have not received
approval for the sale of any of our drug candidates in any market and, therefore, have not generated any product sales from our
drug candidates.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated
financial statements were prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP, for interim financial
information and with the instructions to Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X of the Exchange Act. Accordingly,
they may not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. All adjustments that
are, in the opinion of management, of a normal recurring nature and are necessary for a fair presentation of the condensed consolidated
financial statements have been included. Nevertheless, these condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction
with the audited consolidated financial statements contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31,
2017. The accompanying condensed December 31, 2017 balance sheet has been derived from these statements. The results of operations
for the three months ended March 31, 2018 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the entire fiscal
year or any other interim period.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 9pt"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Certain reclassifications
have been made to the prior period unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements to conform to the current period presentation,
including:</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p>
<table cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%">
<tr>
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 52px; padding-left: 0.5in; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">● </font></td>
<td style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">    Presentation of restricted cash on the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2017, as a result of the adoption of Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-18 in the first quarter of 2018.</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b><i>Liquidity and Capital Resources</i></b></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 9pt"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">We have incurred operating losses since our inception,
expect to continue to incur operating losses for the foreseeable future, and may never become profitable. As of March 31, 2018,
we have an accumulated deficit of approximately $396.4 million.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Our major sources of cash have been proceeds
from the private placement and public offering of equity securities. We have not yet commercialized any of our drug candidates
and cannot be sure if we will ever be able to do so. Even if we commercialize one or more of our drug candidates, we may not become
profitable. Our ability to achieve profitability depends on many factors, including our ability to obtain regulatory approval for
our drug candidates; successfully complete any post-approval regulatory obligations; and successfully commercialize our drug candidates
alone or in partnership. We may continue to incur substantial operating losses even if we begin to generate revenues from our drug
candidates.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">As of March 31, 2018, we had $109.2 million in
cash and cash equivalents, investment securities, and interest receivable. The Company believes its cash, cash equivalents, investment
securities, and interest receivable on hand as of March 31, 2018 combined with the additional capital raised in the second quarter
of 2018 (see Note 5) will be sufficient to fund the Company’s planned operations through mid-2019. The actual amount of cash
that we will need to operate is subject to many factors, including, but not limited to, the timing, design and conduct of clinical
trials for our drug candidates. We are dependent upon significant future financing to provide the cash necessary to execute our
current operations, including the commercialization of any of our drug candidates.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Our common stock is listed on the Nasdaq Capital
Market and trades under the symbol “TGTX.”</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b><i>Recently Issued Accounting Standards</i></b></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 9pt"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">In May 2017, the Financial
Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2017-09, “Scope of
Modification Accounting” (“ASU 2017-09”). ASU 2017-09 provides guidance about which changes to the terms or conditions
of a share-based payment award require an entity to apply modification accounting. An entity should account for the effects of
a modification unless all the following are met:</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p>
<table cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%">
<tr>
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 28px; padding-left: 0.25in; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">●    </font></td>
<td style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">The fair value (or calculated value or intrinsic value, if such an alternative measurement method is used) of the modified award is the same as the fair value (or calculated value or intrinsic value, if such an alternative measurement method is used) of the original award immediately before the original award is modified. If the modification does not affect any of the inputs to the valuation technique that the entity uses to value the award, the entity is not required to estimate the value immediately before and after the modification.</font></td></tr>
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<p style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"> </p>
<table cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%">
<tr>
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 28px; padding-left: 0.25in; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">●    </font></td>
<td style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">The vesting conditions of the modified award are the same as the vesting conditions of the original award immediately before the original award is modified.</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"> </p>
<table cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%">
<tr>
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 28px; padding-left: 0.25in; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">●    </font></td>
<td style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">The classification of the modified award as an equity instrument or a liability instrument is the same as the classification of the original award immediately before the original award is modified.</font></td></tr>
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<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">ASU 2017-09 is effective for annual and interim
periods beginning on or after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted for public business entities for reporting periods
for which financial statements have not yet been issued, and all other entities for reporting periods for which financial statements
have not yet been made available for issuance. The amendments should be applied prospectively to an award modified on or after
the adoption date. The Company adopted ASU 2017-09 on January 1, 2018. The adoption of ASU 2017-09 did not have a material effect
on our consolidated financial statements as of March 31, 2018.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">In January 2017, the FASB
issued ASU No. 2017-04, “Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment” (“ASU 2017-04”). ASU 2017-04 removes
the requirement to compare the implied fair value of goodwill with its carrying amount as part of step 2 of the goodwill impairment
test. As a result, under ASU 2017-04, an entity should perform its annual, or interim, goodwill impairment test by comparing the
fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount and should recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying
amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value; however, the loss recognized should not exceed the total amount of goodwill
allocated to that reporting unit. In addition, ASU 2017-04:</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"> </p>
<table cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%">
<tr>
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 52px; padding-left: 0.5in; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">●    </font></td>
<td style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Clarifies the requirements for excluding and allocating foreign currency translation adjustments to reporting units in connection with an entity’s testing of reporting units for goodwill impairment.</font></td></tr>
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<p style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"> </p>
<table cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%">
<tr>
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 52px; padding-left: 0.5in; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">●    </font></td>
<td style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Clarifies that an entity should consider income tax effects from any tax deductible goodwill on the carrying amount of the reporting unit when measuring the goodwill impairment loss, if applicable.</font></td></tr>
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<p style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"> </p>
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<tr>
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 52px; padding-left: 0.5in; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">●    </font></td>
<td style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Makes minor changes to the overview and background sections of certain Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC” or “Codification”) subtopics and topics as part of the Board’s initiative to unify and improve those sections throughout the Codification.</font></td></tr>
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<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">ASU 2017-04 is effective prospectively for annual
and interim periods beginning on or after December 15, 2019, and early adoption is permitted on testing dates after January 1,
2017. The Company does not expect the adoption of ASU 2017-04 to have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated
financial statements.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">In January 2017, the FASB
issued ASU No. 2017-01, “FASB Clarifies the Definition of a Business” (“ASU 2017-01”). ASU 2017-01 clarifies
the definition of a business in ASC 805. The amendments in ASU 2017-01 are intended to make application of the guidance more consistent
and cost-efficient. The amendments in ASU 2017-01:</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"> </p>
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<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 72px; padding-left: 0.5in; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt">●</font></td>
<td style="padding: 0.75pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Provide a screen to determine when a set of assets and activities is not a business. The screen requires that when substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquired (or disposed of) is concentrated in a single identifiable asset or a group of similar identifiable assets, the set is not a business. This screen reduces the number of transactions that need to be further evaluated.</font></td></tr>
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<p style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"> </p>
<table cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%">
<tr>
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 72px; padding-left: 0.5in; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt">●</font></td>
<td style="padding: 0.75pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Provide that if the screen is not met, (1) to be considered a business, a set must include, at a minimum, an input and a substantive process that together significantly contribute to the ability to create output and (2) remove the evaluation of whether a market participant could replace missing elements. The amendments provide a framework to assist entities in evaluating whether both an input and a substantive process are present. The framework includes two sets of criteria to consider that depend on whether a set has outputs. Although outputs are not required for a set to be a business, outputs generally are a key element of a business; therefore, the Board has developed more stringent criteria for sets without outputs.</font></td></tr>
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<p style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"> </p>
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<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 72px; padding-left: 0.5in; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt">●</font></td>
<td style="padding: 0.75pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Narrow the definition of the term output so that the term is consistent with how outputs are described in Topic 606.</font></td></tr>
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<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">ASU 2017-01 is effective
for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted for transactions that occurred
before the issuance date or effective date of the standard if the transactions were not reported in financial statements that have
been issued or made available for issuance. The Company adopted ASU 2017-01 on January 1, 2018. The adoption of ASU 2017-01 did
not have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements as of March 31, 2018.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-18,
“Statement of Cash Flows – Restricted Cash” (“ASU 2016-18”). ASU 2016-18 requires that a statement
of cash flows explain the change during the period for the total of cash, cash equivalents, and amounts generally described as
restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. ASU 2016-18 does not provide a definition of restricted cash or restricted cash
equivalents, and does not change the balance sheet presentation for such items. The Company adopted ASU 2016-18 on January 1, 2018.
The adoption of ASU 2016-18 did not have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements as of March 31, 2018.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, “Revenue
from Contracts with Customers” (Topic 606) (“ASU 2014-09” or “ASC 606”), which supersedes all existing
revenue recognition requirements, including most industry-specific guidance. ASU 2014-09 provides a single set of criteria for
revenue recognition among all industries. The new standard requires a company to recognize revenue when it transfers goods or services
to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration that the Company expects to receive for those goods or services.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">ASU 2014-09 includes guidance for determining
whether a license transfers to a customer at a point in time or over time based on the nature of the entity’s promise to
the customer. To determine whether the entity’s promise is to provide a right to access its intellectual property or a right
to use its intellectual property, the entity should consider the nature of the intellectual property to which the customer will
have rights.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">ASU 2014-09 is effective
for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017. The standard allows for two transition methods - full retrospective,
in which the standard is applied to each prior reporting period presented, or modified retrospective, in which the cumulative effect
of initially applying the standard is recognized at the date of initial adoption. The Company adopted ASU 2014-09 on January 1,
2018, using the modified retrospective approach. The adoption of ASU 2014-09 did not have a material effect on our condensed consolidated
financial statements as of March 31, 2018.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Other pronouncements issued by the FASB or other
authoritative accounting standards with future effective dates are either not applicable or not significant to our condensed consolidated
financial statements.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b><i>Use of Estimates</i></b></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The preparation of financial statements in conformity
with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and judgments that
affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the
financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the applicable reporting period. On an ongoing basis,
we evaluate our estimates and judgments, including those related to accrued expenses and stock-based compensation. Actual results
could differ from those estimates. Such differences could be material to the financial statements.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b><i>Cash and Cash Equivalents</i></b></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 45pt"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">We treat liquid investments with original maturities
of less than three months when purchased as cash and cash equivalents.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b><i>Restricted Cash</i></b></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">We record cash pledged or held in trust as restricted
cash. As of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, we have approximately $0.6 million of restricted cash pledged to secure a line
of credit as a security deposit for an <font style="background-color: white">Office Agreement</font> (see Note 8).</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b><i>Investment Securities</i></b></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Investment securities at March 31, 2018 and December
31, 2017 consist of short-term government securities. We classify these securities as held-to-maturity. Held-to-maturity securities
are those securities in which we have the ability and intent to hold the security until maturity. Held-to-maturity securities are
recorded at amortized cost, adjusted for the amortization or accretion of premiums or discounts. Premiums and discounts are amortized
or accreted over the life of the related held-to-maturity security as an adjustment to yield using the effective interest method.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">A decline in the market value of any investment
security below cost, that is deemed to be other than temporary, results in a reduction in the carrying amount to fair value. The
impairment is charged to operations and a new cost basis for the security is established. Other-than-temporary impairment charges
are included in interest and other income (expense), net. Unrealized gains, if determined to be temporary, are included in accumulated
other comprehensive income in equity. Dividend and interest income are recognized when earned.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b><i>Credit Risk</i></b></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Financial instruments that potentially subject
the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments. The Company
maintains its cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments with high-credit quality financial institutions. At times, such
amounts may exceed federally-insured limits.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 9pt"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b><i>Revenue Recognition</i></b></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">We recognize license revenue in accordance with
the revenue recognition guidance of ASC 606. We analyze each element of our licensing agreement to determine the appropriate revenue
recognition. The terms of the license agreement may include payments to us of non-refundable up-front license fees, milestone payments
if specified objectives are achieved, and/or royalties on product sales. We recognize revenue from upfront payments over the period
of significant involvement under the related agreements unless the fee is in exchange for a promise to transfer more than one good
or service to the customer, in which case the Company would account for each promised good or service as a performance obligation
only if it is (1) distinct or (2) a series of distinct goods or services that are substantially the same and have the same pattern
of transfer. For each performance obligation, the Company would determine whether we satisfy the performance obligation over time
by transferring control of a good or service over time. To determine whether the Company’s promise is to provide a right
to access its intellectual property or a right to use its intellectual property, the Company would consider the nature of the intellectual
property to which the customer will have rights. The Company has symbolic intellectual property, derived from its association with
the Company’s ongoing activities, including its ordinary business activities. We recognize milestone payments as revenue
upon the achievement of specified milestones only if (1) the milestone payment is non-refundable, (2) substantive effort
is involved in achieving the milestone, (3) the amount of the milestone is reasonable in relation to the effort expended or
the risk associated with achievement of the milestone, and (4) the milestone is at risk for both parties. If any of these
conditions are not met, we defer the milestone payment and recognize it as revenue over the estimated period of performance under
the contract.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b><i>Research and Development Costs</i></b></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Generally, research and development costs are
expensed as incurred. Nonrefundable advance payments for goods or services that will be used or rendered for future research and
development activities are deferred and amortized over the period that the goods are delivered or the related services are performed,
subject to an assessment of recoverability. We make estimates of costs incurred in relation to external clinical research organizations,
or CROs, and clinical site costs. We analyze the progress of clinical trials, including levels of patient enrollment, invoices
received and contracted costs when evaluating the adequacy of the amount expensed and the related prepaid asset and accrued liability.
Significant judgments and estimates must be made and used in determining the accrued balance and expense in any accounting period.
We review and accrue CRO expenses and clinical trial study expenses based on work performed and rely upon estimates of those costs
applicable to the stage of completion of a study. Accrued CRO costs are subject to revisions as such trials progress to completion.
Revisions are charged to expense in the period in which the facts that give rise to the revision become known. With respect to
clinical site costs, the financial terms of these agreements are subject to negotiation and vary from contract to contract. Payments
under these contracts may be uneven, and depend on factors such as the achievement of certain events, the successful recruitment
of patients, the completion of portions of the clinical trial or similar conditions. The objective of our policy is to match the
recording of expenses in our financial statements to the actual services received and efforts expended. As such, expense accruals
related to clinical site costs are recognized based on our estimate of the degree of completion of the event or events specified
in the specific clinical study or trial contract.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Prepaid research and development in our consolidated
balance sheets includes, among other things, certain costs to third party service providers related to development and manufacturing
services as well as clinical development. These agreements often require payments in advance of services performed or goods received.
Accordingly, as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, we recorded approximately $6.8 million and $8.1 million, respectively,
in prepaid research and development related to such advance agreements.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b><i> </i></b></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b><i>Income Taxes</i></b></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"> Income taxes are accounted
for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable
to temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective
tax bases, operating losses and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates
expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.
The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in operations in the period that includes
the enactment date. If the likelihood of realizing the deferred tax assets or liability is less than “more likely than not,”
a valuation allowance is then created.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 45pt">We, and our subsidiaries, file income tax returns
in the U.S. Federal jurisdiction and in various states. We have tax net operating loss carryforwards that are subject to examination
for a number of years beyond the year in which they were generated for tax purposes. Since a portion of these net operating loss
carryforwards may be utilized in the future, many of these net operating loss carryforwards will remain subject to examination.
We recognize interest and penalties related to uncertain income tax positions in income tax expense.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b><i>Stock-Based Compensation</i></b></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">We recognize all stock-based payments to employees
and non-employee directors (as compensation for service) as noncash compensation expense in the condensed consolidated financial
statements based on the fair values of such payments. Stock-based compensation expense recognized each period is based on the value
of the portion of stock-based payment awards that is ultimately expected to vest during the period. Forfeitures are estimated at
the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">For stock-based payments to consultants and other
third-parties (including related parties), noncash compensation expense is determined at the “measurement date.” The
expense is recognized over the vesting period of the award. Until the measurement date is reached, the total amount of compensation
expense remains uncertain. We record compensation expense based on the fair value of the award at the reporting date. The awards
to consultants and other third-parties (including related parties) are then revalued, or the total compensation is recalculated
based on the then current fair value, at each subsequent reporting date.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">In addition, because some of the options, restricted
stock and warrants issued to employees, consultants and other third-parties vest upon achievement of certain milestones, the total
expense is uncertain. Compensation expense for such awards that vest upon the achievement of milestones is recognized when the
achievement of such milestones becomes probable.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 9pt"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b><i>Basic and Diluted Net Loss Per Common Share</i></b></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Basic net loss per share of our common stock
is calculated by dividing net loss applicable to the common stock by the weighted average number of our common stock outstanding
for the period. Diluted net loss per share of common stock is the same as basic net loss per share of common stock since potentially
dilutive securities from stock options, stock warrants and convertible preferred stock would have an antidilutive effect either
because we incurred a net loss during the periods presented or because such potentially dilutive securities were out of the money
and the Company realized net income during the periods presented. The amounts of potentially dilutive securities excluded from
the calculation were 4,660,180 and 3,634,008 for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The following outstanding
shares of potentially dilutive securities were excluded from the computation of net loss per share attributable to common stockholders
for the periods presented because including them would have been antidilutive:</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 9pt"> </p>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Three Months Ended March 31,</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>2018</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>2017</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="width: 75%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Unvested restricted stock</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">4,159,428</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">3,619,016</font></td>
<td style="width: 2%"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Stock options</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">485,000</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">--</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Shares issuable upon note conversion </font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">15,752</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">14,992</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Total</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">4,660,180</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">3,634,008</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 9pt"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b><i>Long-Lived Assets and Goodwill</i></b></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Long-lived assets are reviewed for potential
impairment when circumstances indicate that the carrying value of long-lived tangible and intangible assets with finite lives may
not be recoverable. Management’s policy in determining whether an impairment indicator exists, a triggering event, comprises
measurable operating performance criteria as well as qualitative measures. If an analysis is necessitated by the occurrence of
a triggering event, we make certain assumptions in determining the impairment amount. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds
its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Goodwill is reviewed for impairment annually,
or earlier when events arise that could indicate that an impairment exists. We test for goodwill impairment using a two-step process.
The first step compares the fair value of the reporting unit with the unit's carrying value, including goodwill. When the carrying
value of the reporting unit is greater than fair value, the unit’s goodwill may be impaired, and the second step must be
completed to measure the amount of the goodwill impairment charge, if any. In the second step, the implied fair value of the reporting
unit’s goodwill is compared with the carrying amount of the unit’s goodwill. If the carrying amount is greater than
the implied fair value, the carrying value of the goodwill must be written down to its implied fair value. We will continue to
perform impairment tests annually, at December 31, and whenever events or changes in circumstances suggest that the carrying value
of an asset may not be recoverable.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b><i>Rent Expense and Deferred Rent</i></b></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Rent expense and lease incentives, including
landlord construction allowances, are recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term, commencing generally on the date
the Company takes possession of the leased property. The Company records lease incentives as deferred rent and recognizes the lease
incentives as reductions of rental expense. The unamortized portion of deferred rent is included in deferred rent in the condensed
consolidated balance sheets.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The following tables summarize our cash and cash
equivalents at March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017:</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 9pt"> </p>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt"> (in thousands)</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>March 31, 2018</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>December 31, 2017</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="width: 76%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Checking and bank deposits</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">79,923</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$55,682</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Money market funds</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">2,973</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">1,036</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Total</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">82,896</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$56,718</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 9pt"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Our investments as of March 31, 2018 and December
31, 2017 are classified as held-to-maturity. Held-to-maturity investments are recorded at amortized cost.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The following tables summarize our investment
securities at March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017:</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 9pt"> </p>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt"> (in thousands)</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="14" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>March 31, 2018</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Amortized cost, as adjusted</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Gross unrealized holding gains</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Gross unrealized holding losses</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Estimated fair value</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Short-term investments:</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="width: 49%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Obligations of domestic governmental agencies (maturing between April 2018 and January 2019) (held-to-maturity) </font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">26,181</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">--</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">39</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">26,142</font></td>
<td style="width: 4%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Total short-term investment securities</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">26,181</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">--</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">39</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">26,142</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 9pt">  </p>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="14" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>December 31, 2017</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Amortized cost, as adjusted</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Gross unrealized holding gains</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Gross unrealized holding losses</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Estimated fair value</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Short-term investments:</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="width: 49%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Obligations of domestic governmental agencies (maturing between January 2018 and November 2018) (held-to-maturity) </font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">27,999</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">--</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">35</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">27,964</font></td>
<td style="width: 4%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Total short-term investment securities</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">27,999</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">--</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">35</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">27,964</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 9pt"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 9pt"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">We measure certain financial assets and liabilities
at fair value on a recurring basis in the condensed consolidated financial statements. The fair value hierarchy ranks the quality
and reliability of inputs, or assumptions, used in the determination of fair value and requires financial assets and liabilities
carried at fair value to be classified and disclosed in one of the following three categories:</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 9pt"> </p>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%">
<tr>
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt">●</font></td>
<td style="width: 99%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Level 1 – quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities;</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 9pt"> </p>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%">
<tr>
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt">●</font></td>
<td style="width: 99%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Level 2 – inputs other than Level 1 quoted prices that are directly or indirectly observable; and</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 9pt"> </p>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%">
<tr>
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt">●</font></td>
<td style="width: 99%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Level 3 – unobservable inputs that are not corroborated by market data.</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">As of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the
fair values of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, and notes and interest payable, approximate their carrying value.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="background-color: white">At the
time of our merger (we were then known as Manhattan Pharmaceuticals, Inc.) with Ariston Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (“Ariston”)
in March 2010, Ariston issued $15.5 million of five-year 5% notes payable (the “5% Notes”) in satisfaction of several
note payable issuances. The 5% Notes and accrued and unpaid interest thereon are convertible at the option of the holder into common
stock at the conversion price of $1,125 per share. Ariston agreed to make quarterly payments on the 5% Notes equal to 50% of the
net product cash flow received from the exploitation or commercialization of Ariston’s product candidates, AST-726 and AST-915.
We have no obligations under the 5% Notes aside from (a) 50% of the net product cash flows from Ariston’s product candidates,
if any, payable to noteholders; and (b) the conversion feature, discussed above.</font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="background-color: white">The cumulative
liability to the Ariston subsidiary including accrued and unpaid interest of the 5% Notes was approximately $17.7 million at March
31, 2018 and $17.5 million at December 31, 2017.</font> No payments have been made on the 5% Notes as of March 31, 2018.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">In December 2011, we elected the fair value option
for valuing the 5% Notes. The fair value option was elected in order to reflect in our financial statements the assumptions that
market participants use in evaluating these financial instruments.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">As of December 31, 2013, as a result of expiring
intellectual property rights and other factors, it was determined that net product cash flows from AST-726 were unlikely. As we
have no other obligations under the 5% Notes aside from the net product cash flows and the conversion feature, the conversion feature
was used to estimate the 5% Notes’ fair value as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017. The assumptions, assessments and
projections of future revenues are subject to uncertainties, difficult to predict, and require significant judgment. The use of
different assumptions, applying different judgment to inherently subjective matters and changes in future market conditions could
result in significantly different estimates of fair value and the differences could be material to our condensed consolidated financial
statements.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The following tables provide the fair value measurements
of applicable financial liabilities as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017:</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 9pt"> </p>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="14" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Financial liabilities at fair value as of March 31, 2018</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt"> (in thousands)</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Level 1</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Level 2</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Level 3</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Total</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="width: 49%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">5% Notes</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">--</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">--</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">224</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">224</font></td>
<td style="width: 4%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Total</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">--</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">--</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">224</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">224</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 9pt"> </p>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="14" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Financial liabilities at fair value as of December 31, 2017</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Level 1</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Level 2</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Level 3</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Total</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="width: 49%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">5% Notes</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">--</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">--</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">128</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">128</font></td>
<td style="width: 4%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Total</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">--</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">--</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">128</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">128</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 9pt"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The Level 3 amounts above represent the fair
value of the 5% Notes and related accrued interest.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The following table summarizes the changes in
Level 3 instruments during the three months ended March 31, 2018:</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 9pt"> </p>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">(in thousands)</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="width: 88%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Fair value at December 31, 2017</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">128</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Interest accrued on face value of 5% Notes</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">213</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Change in fair value of Level 3 liabilities</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">(117</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><font style="font-size: 8pt">)</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Fair value at March 31, 2018</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">224</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 9pt"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The change in the fair value of the Level 3 liabilities
is reported in other (income) expense in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 9pt"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b><i>Preferred
Stock</i></b></font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 9pt"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Our
amended and restated certificate of incorporation authorizes the issuance of up to 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.001
par value, with rights senior to those of our common stock, <font style="background-color: white">issuable in one or more series.
Upon issuance, we can determine the rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions thereof. These rights, preferences and privileges
could include dividend rights, conversion rights, voting rights, terms of redemption, liquidation preferences, sinking fund terms
and the number of shares constituting any series or the designation of such series, any or all of which may be greater than the
rights of common stock.</font></font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 9pt"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b><i>Common
Stock</i></b></font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Our
amended and restated certificate of incorporation authorizes the issuance of up to 150,000,000 shares of $0.001 par value common
stock. </font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> In
May 2017, we filed a shelf registration statement on Form S-3 (the "2017 S-3"), which was declared effective in June 2017,
replacing the 2015 S-3. Under the 2017 S-3, the Company may sell up to a total of $300 million of its securities. In connection
with the 2017 S-3, we entered into an At-the-Market Issuance Sales Agreement (the "2017 ATM") with Jefferies LLC, Cantor
Fitzgerald & Co., FBR Capital Markets & Co., SunTrust Robinson Humphrey, Inc., Raymond James & Associates, Inc., Ladenburg
Thalmann & Co. Inc. and H.C. Wainwright & Co., LLC (each a "2017 Agent" and collectively, the "2017 Agents"),
relating to the sale of shares of our common stock. Under the 2017 ATM we pay the 2017 Agents a commission rate of up to 3.0%
of the gross proceeds from the sale of any shares of common stock.</font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: white">During
the three months ended March 31, 2018, we sold a total of 3,989,344 shares of common stock under the 2017 ATM for total gross
proceeds of approximately $53.4 million at an average selling price of $13.38 per share, resulting in net proceeds of approximately
$52.4 million after deducting commissions and other transaction costs</font><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">.</font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Subsequent
to the first quarter, from April 1, 2018 through May 4, 2018, we sold an aggregate of 1,014,605 shares of common stock pursuant
to the 2017 ATM for total gross proceeds of approximately $14.3 million at an average selling price of $14.12 per share, resulting
in net proceeds of approximately $14.1 million after deducting commissions and other transactions costs.</font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
2017 S-3 is currently our only active shelf registration statement. After deducting shares already sold there is approximately
$198.9 million of common stock that remains available for sale under the 2017 S-3. We may offer the securities under the 2017
S-3 from time to time in response to market conditions or other circumstances if we believe such a plan of financing is in the
best interests of our stockholders. We believe that the 2017 S-3 provides us with the flexibility to raise additional capital
to finance our operations as needed.</font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 9pt"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b><i>Equity
Incentive Plans</i></b> </font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
TG Therapeutics, Inc. Amended and Restated 2012 Incentive Plan (“2012 Incentive Plan”) was approved by stockholders
in June 2015. As of March 31, 2018, 485,000 options were outstanding and up to an additional  55,539 shares may be issued
under the 2012 Incentive Plan.</font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Effective
as of January 1, 2017, we entered into an amendment (the “Amendment”) to the employment agreement entered into as
of December 15, 2011 (together with the Amendment, the “Employment Agreement”) with Michael S. Weiss, our Executive
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer and President. Under the Amendment, Mr. Weiss will remain as Chief Executive Officer and
President, removing the interim status. Simultaneously, we entered into a Strategic Advisory Agreement (the “Advisory Agreement”)
with Caribe BioAdvisors, LLC (the “Advisor”) owned by Mr. Weiss to provide the services of Mr. Weiss as Chairman of
the Board and as Executive Chairman. As part of the Amendment, Mr. Weiss also agreed to forfeit 3,381,866 restricted shares previously
granted under the Employment Agreement that were predominantly subject to time-based vesting over the next three years. Simultaneously,
(i) Mr. Weiss was issued 418,371 restricted shares under the Employment Agreement that vest in 2018 and 2019 and (ii) the Advisor
was issued 2,960,000 restricted shares under the Advisory Agreement that vested on market capitalization thresholds ranging from
$375 million to $750 million. In accordance with GAAP, there was no incremental stock compensation expense recognition as a result
of the modification.</font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Stock
Options</u></font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
following table summarizes stock option activity for the three months ended March 31, 2018:</font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></p>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Number</b></font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>of
shares</b></font></p></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Weighted-</b></font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>average</b></font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>exercise
price</b></font></p></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Weighted-</b></font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>average</b></font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Contractual
Term</b></font></p></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> 
  <b>Aggregate Intrinsic Value</b>    </font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>(in
years)</b></font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<td style="width: 52%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Outstanding
at December 31, 2017</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">--</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">--</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">--</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">--</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<td style="padding-left: 0.25in; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Granted</font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="text-align: right; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">485,000</font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="text-align: right; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">11.30</font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="text-align: right; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="text-align: right; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<td style="padding-left: 0.25in; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Exercised</font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="text-align: right; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">--</font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="text-align: right; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">--</font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="text-align: right; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="text-align: right; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<td style="padding-left: 0.25in; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Forfeited</font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="text-align: right; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">--</font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="text-align: right; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">--</font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="text-align: right; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="text-align: right; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<td style="padding-left: 0.25in; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Expired</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">--</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">--</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Outstanding
at March 31, 2018</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">485,000</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">11.30</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">9.85</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,406,500</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="text-align: right; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="text-align: right; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="text-align: right; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="text-align: right; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Exercisable
at March 31, 2018</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">--</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">11.30</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">--</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">--</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">As
of March 31, 2018, the stock options outstanding include options granted to both employees and non-employees which are milestone-based
and vest upon certain corporate milestones. Stock-based compensation will be recorded if and when a milestone occurs.</font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <u>Restricted
Stock</u></font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 9pt"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Certain
employees, directors and consultants have been awarded restricted stock. The restricted stock vesting consists of milestone and
time-based vesting. The following table summarizes restricted share activity for the three months ended March 31, 2018:</font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 9pt"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></p>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Number
of Shares</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Weighted
Average Grant Date Fair Value</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<td style="width: 76%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Outstanding
at December 31, 2017</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">6,321,643</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7.17</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Granted</font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="text-align: right; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">87,500</font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="text-align: right; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">14.40</font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Vested</font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="text-align: right; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(625,802</font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="text-align: right; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7.23</font></td>
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Forfeited</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(123,911</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">8.03</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Outstanding
at March 31, 2018</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5,659,430</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7.26</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 9pt"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total
expense associated with restricted stock grants was approximately $7.3 million and $6.0 million during the three months ended
March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. As of March 31, 2018, there was approximately $11.5 million of total unrecognized compensation
cost related to unvested time-based restricted stock, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.0
year. This amount does not include, as of March 31, 2018, 110,000 shares of restricted stock outstanding which are milestone-based
and vest upon certain corporate milestones; and 2,224,167 shares of restricted stock outstanding issued to non-employees, the
expense for which is determined each reporting period at the measurement date. The expense is recognized over the vesting period
of the award. Until the measurement date is reached for milestone awards, the total amount of compensation expense remains uncertain.
We record compensation expense based on the fair value of the award at the reporting date.</font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 9pt"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b><i>Stock-Based
Compensation</i></b></font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
fair value of stock options granted is estimated at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes pricing model. The expected term
of options granted is derived from historical data and the expected vesting period. Expected volatility is based on the historical
volatility of our common stock. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield for a period consistent with the
expected term of the option in effect at the time of the grant. We have assumed no expected dividend yield, as dividends have
never been paid to stock or option holders and will not be paid for the foreseeable future. We granted 500,000 and zero stock
options during the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.</font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
following table summarizes stock-based compensation expense information about restricted stock and stock options for the three
months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017:</font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 9pt"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></p>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Three
months ended March 31,</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> (in
thousands)</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2018</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2017</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<td style="width: 75%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Stock-based
compensation expense associated with restricted stock</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,337</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5,995</font></td>
<td style="width: 2%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Stock-based
compensation expense associated with option grants</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">--</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">--</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,337</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5,995</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The following is a summary of notes payable:</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 9pt"> </p>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="10" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"> <b>March 31, 2018</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="10" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>December 31, 2017</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">(in thousands) </font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Current portion, net</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Non-current portion, net</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Total</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Current portion, net</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Non-current portion, net</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Total</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="width: 36%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Convertible 5% Notes Payable</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 7%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">224</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 7%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">-</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 7%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">224</font></td>
<td style="width: 3%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 7%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">128</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 7%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">-</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 7%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">128</font></td>
<td style="width: 3%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Total</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">224</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">-</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">224</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">128</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">-</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">128</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 9pt"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b><i>Convertible 5% Notes Payable</i></b></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 9pt"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The 5% Notes and accrued and unpaid interest
thereon are convertible at the option of the holder into common stock at the conversion price of $1,125 per share. <font style="background-color: white">We
have no obligation under the 5% Notes aside from (a) 50% of the net product cash flows from Ariston’s product candidates,
if any, payable to noteholders; and (b) the conversion feature, discussed above.</font> Interest accrues monthly, is added to principal
on an annual basis, every March 8, and is payable at maturity, which was March 8, 2015 (see Note 4 for further details).</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="background-color: white">The cumulative
liability including accrued and unpaid interest of these notes was approximately $17.7 million at March 31, 2018 and $17.5 million
at December 31, 2017.</font> No payments have been made on the 5% Notes as of March 31, 2018.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">In December 2011, we elected the fair value option
for valuing the 5% Notes. The fair value option was elected in order to reflect in our financial statements the assumptions that
market participants use in evaluating these financial instruments (see Note 4 for further details).</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b><i>BTK</i></b></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">In January 2018, we entered into a global exclusive
license agreement with Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine Co., or Jiangsu, to acquire worldwide intellectual property rights, excluding Asia
but including Japan, and for the research, development, manufacturing, and commercialization of products containing or comprising
of any of Jiangsu’s Bruton’s Tyrosine Kinase inhibitors containing the compounds of either TG-1701 (SHR-1459 or EBI-1459)
or TG-1702 (SHR-1266 or EBI-1266). Pursuant to the agreement, in April 2018, we paid Jiangsu an upfront fee of $1.0 million in
our common stock. Jiangsu is eligible to receive milestone payments totaling approximately $350 million upon and subject to the
achievement of certain milestones. Various provisions allow for payments in conjunction with the agreement to be made in cash or
our common stock, while others limit the form of payment. Royalty payments in the low double digits are due on net sales of licensed
products and revenue from sublicenses.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b><i>TG-1101</i></b></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 9pt"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">In November 2012, we entered into an exclusive
(within the territory) sublicense agreement with Ildong relating to the development and commercialization of TG-1101 in South Korea
and Southeast Asia. Under the terms of the sublicense agreement, Ildong has been granted a royalty bearing, exclusive right, including
the right to grant sublicenses, to develop and commercialize TG-1101 in South Korea, Taiwan, Singapore, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand,
Philippines, Vietnam, and Myanmar.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">An upfront payment of $2.0 million which was
received in December 2012 <font style="background-color: white">(net of $0.3 million of income tax withholdings</font>), is recognized
as license revenue on a straight-line basis over the life of the agreement, which is through the expiration of the last licensed
patent right or 15 years after the first commercial sale of a product in such country, unless the agreement is earlier terminated,
and represents the estimated period over which we will have certain ongoing responsibilities under the sublicense agreement. We
recorded license revenue of approximately $38,000 for each of the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, and, at both March
31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, have deferred revenue of approximately $1.2 million associated with this $2.0 million payment (approximately
$152,000 of which has been classified in current liabilities at March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017).</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">We may receive up to an
additional $5.0 million in payments upon the achievement of pre-specified milestones. In addition, upon commercialization, Ildong
will make royalty payments to us on net sales of TG-1101 in the sublicense territory.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 27pt"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b><i>LFB
Biotechnologies</i></b></font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 9pt"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
January 30, 2012, we entered into an exclusive license agreement with LFB Biotechnologies, GTC Biotherapeutics and LFB/GTC LLC,
all wholly-owned subsidiaries of LFB Group, relating to the development of ublituximab (the “LFB License Agreement”).
In connection with the LFB License Agreement, LFB Group was issued 5,000,000 shares of common stock, and a warrant to purchase
2,500,000 shares of common stock at a purchase price of $0.001 per share. LFB Group no longer has the right to nominate a board
member since the LFB Group owns less than 10% of our outstanding common stock.</font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Under
the terms of the LFB License Agreement, we utilize LFB Group for certain development and manufacturing services. We incurred expenses
of approximately $130,000 and $27,000 during the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, which have been included
in other research and development expenses in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations. As of March 31,
2018 and December 31, 2017, we had approximately $130,000 and zero, respectively, recorded in accounts payable related to the
LFB License Agreement. In conjunction with the development and manufacturing services discussed above, certain agreements between
us and LFB Group require payments in advance of services performed or goods delivered. Accordingly, as of March 31, 2018 and December
31, 2017, we recorded no prepaid research and development for such advance payments.</font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 27pt"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b><i>Other
Parties</i></b></font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 27pt"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">In
March 2014, we entered into a shared services agreement (the “Opus Shared Services Agreement”) with Opus Point Partners
Management, LLC (“Opus”) in which the parties agreed to share the costs of a rented facility and certain other services.
Our Executive Chairman and Interim Chief Executive Officer is a Managing Member of Opus. During the three months ended March 31,
2018 and 2017, we incurred no expenses related to this agreement. The Opus Shared Services Agreement is no longer in effect as
we began occupying new space in April 2016.</font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">In
October 2014, we entered into an agreement (the “Office Agreement”) with Fortress Biotech, Inc. (“FBIO”)
to occupy approximately 45% of the 24,000 square feet of New York City office space leased by FBIO, which is now our corporate
headquarters. The Office Agreement requires us to pay our respective share of the average annual rent and other costs of the 15-year
lease. We approximate an average annual rental obligation of $1.1 million under the Office Agreement. We began to occupy this
new space in April 2016, with rental payments beginning in the third quarter of 2016. During the three months ended March 31,
2018 and 2017, we recorded rent expense of approximately $0.3 million and $0.4 million, respectively, and at March 31, 2018, have
deferred rent of approximately $1.4 million. Mr. Weiss, our Executive Chairman and CEO, is also Executive Vice Chairman of FBIO.</font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Under
the Office Agreement, we agreed to pay FBIO our portion of the build out costs, which have been allocated to us at the 45% rate
mentioned above. The allocated build-out costs have been recorded in Leasehold Interest and will be amortized over the 15-year
term of the Office Agreement. After an initial commitment of the 45% rate for a period of three (3) years, we and FBIO will determine
actual office space utilization annually and if our utilization differs from the amount we have been billed, we will either receive
credits or be assessed incremental utilization charges. As of March 31, 2018, we had approximately $0.4 million recorded in accounts
payable related to FBIO of which approximately $0.1 million related to rent and build-out costs.</font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> In
July 2015, we entered into a Shared Services Agreement (the “Shared Services Agreement”) with FBIO to share the cost
of certain services such as facilities use, personnel costs and other overhead and administrative costs. This Shared Services
Agreement requires us to pay our respective share of services utilized. In connection with the Shared Services Agreement, we incurred
expenses of approximately $0.4 million and $0.3 million for shared services for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017,
respectively, primarily related to shared personnel.</font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">In
May 2016, as part of a broader agreement with Jubilant, an India-based biotechnology company, we entered into the JBET Agreement
with Checkpoint, a subsidiary of FBIO, for the development and commercialization of Jubilant’s novel BET inhibitor program
in the field of hematological malignancies. We paid Checkpoint an up-front licensing fee of $1.0 million in July 2016 and incurred
expenses of $0.2 million in March 2017 for the first milestone achievement as part of the JBET Agreement which is recorded in
other research and development in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations. As of March 31, 2018 and 2017, we had
approximately $0.3 million and $0.7 million, respectively, recorded in accounts payable, related mostly to the JBET Agreement.
Mr. Weiss is also the Executive Chairman of Checkpoint.</font></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">We are a biopharmaceutical company focused on
the acquisition, development and commercialization of novel treatments for B-cell malignancies and autoimmune diseases. Currently,
we are developing two therapies targeting hematologic malignancies. TG-1101 (ublituximab) is a novel, glycoengineered monoclonal
antibody that targets a unique epitope on the CD20 antigen found on mature B-lymphocytes. We are also developing TGR-1202 (umbralisib),
an orally available PI3K delta inhibitor. The delta isoform of PI3K is strongly expressed in cells of hematopoietic origin and
is believed to be important in the proliferation and survival of B-lymphocytes. Both TG-1101 and TGR-1202, or the combination of
which is referred to as "U2," are in Phase 3 clinical development for patients with hematologic malignancies, with TG-1101
also in Phase 3 clinical development for Multiple Sclerosis. Additionally, the Company has recently brought its anti-PD-L1 monoclonal
antibody into Phase 1 development and aims to bring additional pipeline assets into the clinic in the future.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">We also actively evaluate complementary products,
technologies and companies for in-licensing, partnership, acquisition and/or investment opportunities. To date, we have not received
approval for the sale of any of our drug candidates in any market and, therefore, have not generated any product sales from our
drug candidates.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated
financial statements were prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP, for interim financial
information and with the instructions to Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X of the Exchange Act. Accordingly,
they may not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. All adjustments that
are, in the opinion of management, of a normal recurring nature and are necessary for a fair presentation of the condensed consolidated
financial statements have been included. Nevertheless, these condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction
with the audited consolidated financial statements contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31,
2017. The accompanying condensed December 31, 2017 balance sheet has been derived from these statements. The results of operations
for the three months ended March 31, 2018 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the entire fiscal
year or any other interim period.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 9pt"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Certain reclassifications
have been made to the prior period unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements to conform to the current period presentation,
including:</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p>
<table cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%">
<tr>
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 52px; padding-left: 0.5in; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">● </font></td>
<td style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">    Presentation of restricted cash on the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2017, as a result of the adoption of Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-18 in the first quarter of 2018.</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">We have incurred operating losses since our inception,
expect to continue to incur operating losses for the foreseeable future, and may never become profitable. As of March 31, 2018,
we have an accumulated deficit of approximately $396.4 million.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Our major sources of cash have been proceeds
from the private placement and public offering of equity securities. We have not yet commercialized any of our drug candidates
and cannot be sure if we will ever be able to do so. Even if we commercialize one or more of our drug candidates, we may not become
profitable. Our ability to achieve profitability depends on many factors, including our ability to obtain regulatory approval for
our drug candidates; successfully complete any post-approval regulatory obligations; and successfully commercialize our drug candidates
alone or in partnership. We may continue to incur substantial operating losses even if we begin to generate revenues from our drug
candidates.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">As of March 31, 2018, we had $109.2 million in
cash and cash equivalents, investment securities, and interest receivable. The Company believes its cash, cash equivalents, investment
securities, and interest receivable on hand as of March 31, 2018 combined with the additional capital raised in the second quarter
of 2018 (see Note 5) will be sufficient to fund the Company’s planned operations through mid-2019. The actual amount of cash
that we will need to operate is subject to many factors, including, but not limited to, the timing, design and conduct of clinical
trials for our drug candidates. We are dependent upon significant future financing to provide the cash necessary to execute our
current operations, including the commercialization of any of our drug candidates.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Our common stock is listed on the Nasdaq Capital
Market and trades under the symbol “TGTX.”</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">In May 2017, the Financial
Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2017-09, “Scope of
Modification Accounting” (“ASU 2017-09”). ASU 2017-09 provides guidance about which changes to the terms or conditions
of a share-based payment award require an entity to apply modification accounting. An entity should account for the effects of
a modification unless all the following are met:</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p>
<table cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%">
<tr>
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 28px; padding-left: 0.25in; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">●    </font></td>
<td style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">The fair value (or calculated value or intrinsic value, if such an alternative measurement method is used) of the modified award is the same as the fair value (or calculated value or intrinsic value, if such an alternative measurement method is used) of the original award immediately before the original award is modified. If the modification does not affect any of the inputs to the valuation technique that the entity uses to value the award, the entity is not required to estimate the value immediately before and after the modification.</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"> </p>
<table cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%">
<tr>
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 28px; padding-left: 0.25in; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">●    </font></td>
<td style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">The vesting conditions of the modified award are the same as the vesting conditions of the original award immediately before the original award is modified.</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"> </p>
<table cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%">
<tr>
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 28px; padding-left: 0.25in; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">●    </font></td>
<td style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">The classification of the modified award as an equity instrument or a liability instrument is the same as the classification of the original award immediately before the original award is modified.</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">ASU 2017-09 is effective for annual and interim
periods beginning on or after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted for public business entities for reporting periods
for which financial statements have not yet been issued, and all other entities for reporting periods for which financial statements
have not yet been made available for issuance. The amendments should be applied prospectively to an award modified on or after
the adoption date. The Company adopted ASU 2017-09 on January 1, 2018. The adoption of ASU 2017-09 did not have a material effect
on our consolidated financial statements as of March 31, 2018.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">In January 2017, the FASB
issued ASU No. 2017-04, “Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment” (“ASU 2017-04”). ASU 2017-04 removes
the requirement to compare the implied fair value of goodwill with its carrying amount as part of step 2 of the goodwill impairment
test. As a result, under ASU 2017-04, an entity should perform its annual, or interim, goodwill impairment test by comparing the
fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount and should recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying
amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value; however, the loss recognized should not exceed the total amount of goodwill
allocated to that reporting unit. In addition, ASU 2017-04:</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"> </p>
<table cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%">
<tr>
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 52px; padding-left: 0.5in; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">●    </font></td>
<td style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Clarifies the requirements for excluding and allocating foreign currency translation adjustments to reporting units in connection with an entity’s testing of reporting units for goodwill impairment.</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"> </p>
<table cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%">
<tr>
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 52px; padding-left: 0.5in; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">●    </font></td>
<td style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Clarifies that an entity should consider income tax effects from any tax deductible goodwill on the carrying amount of the reporting unit when measuring the goodwill impairment loss, if applicable.</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"> </p>
<table cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%">
<tr>
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 52px; padding-left: 0.5in; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">●    </font></td>
<td style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Makes minor changes to the overview and background sections of certain Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC” or “Codification”) subtopics and topics as part of the Board’s initiative to unify and improve those sections throughout the Codification.</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">ASU 2017-04 is effective prospectively for annual
and interim periods beginning on or after December 15, 2019, and early adoption is permitted on testing dates after January 1,
2017. The Company does not expect the adoption of ASU 2017-04 to have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated
financial statements.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">In January 2017, the FASB
issued ASU No. 2017-01, “FASB Clarifies the Definition of a Business” (“ASU 2017-01”). ASU 2017-01 clarifies
the definition of a business in ASC 805. The amendments in ASU 2017-01 are intended to make application of the guidance more consistent
and cost-efficient. The amendments in ASU 2017-01:</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"> </p>
<table cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%">
<tr>
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 72px; padding-left: 0.5in; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt">●</font></td>
<td style="padding: 0.75pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Provide a screen to determine when a set of assets and activities is not a business. The screen requires that when substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquired (or disposed of) is concentrated in a single identifiable asset or a group of similar identifiable assets, the set is not a business. This screen reduces the number of transactions that need to be further evaluated.</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"> </p>
<table cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%">
<tr>
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 72px; padding-left: 0.5in; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt">●</font></td>
<td style="padding: 0.75pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Provide that if the screen is not met, (1) to be considered a business, a set must include, at a minimum, an input and a substantive process that together significantly contribute to the ability to create output and (2) remove the evaluation of whether a market participant could replace missing elements. The amendments provide a framework to assist entities in evaluating whether both an input and a substantive process are present. The framework includes two sets of criteria to consider that depend on whether a set has outputs. Although outputs are not required for a set to be a business, outputs generally are a key element of a business; therefore, the Board has developed more stringent criteria for sets without outputs.</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"> </p>
<table cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%">
<tr>
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 72px; padding-left: 0.5in; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt">●</font></td>
<td style="padding: 0.75pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Narrow the definition of the term output so that the term is consistent with how outputs are described in Topic 606.</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">ASU 2017-01 is effective
for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted for transactions that occurred
before the issuance date or effective date of the standard if the transactions were not reported in financial statements that have
been issued or made available for issuance. The Company adopted ASU 2017-01 on January 1, 2018. The adoption of ASU 2017-01 did
not have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements as of March 31, 2018.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-18,
“Statement of Cash Flows – Restricted Cash” (“ASU 2016-18”). ASU 2016-18 requires that a statement
of cash flows explain the change during the period for the total of cash, cash equivalents, and amounts generally described as
restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. ASU 2016-18 does not provide a definition of restricted cash or restricted cash
equivalents, and does not change the balance sheet presentation for such items. The Company adopted ASU 2016-18 on January 1, 2018.
The adoption of ASU 2016-18 did not have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements as of March 31, 2018.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, “Revenue
from Contracts with Customers” (Topic 606) (“ASU 2014-09” or “ASC 606”), which supersedes all existing
revenue recognition requirements, including most industry-specific guidance. ASU 2014-09 provides a single set of criteria for
revenue recognition among all industries. The new standard requires a company to recognize revenue when it transfers goods or services
to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration that the Company expects to receive for those goods or services.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">ASU 2014-09 includes guidance for determining
whether a license transfers to a customer at a point in time or over time based on the nature of the entity’s promise to
the customer. To determine whether the entity’s promise is to provide a right to access its intellectual property or a right
to use its intellectual property, the entity should consider the nature of the intellectual property to which the customer will
have rights.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">ASU 2014-09 is effective
for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017. The standard allows for two transition methods - full retrospective,
in which the standard is applied to each prior reporting period presented, or modified retrospective, in which the cumulative effect
of initially applying the standard is recognized at the date of initial adoption. The Company adopted ASU 2014-09 on January 1,
2018, using the modified retrospective approach. The adoption of ASU 2014-09 did not have a material effect on our condensed consolidated
financial statements as of March 31, 2018.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Other pronouncements issued by the FASB or other
authoritative accounting standards with future effective dates are either not applicable or not significant to our condensed consolidated
financial statements.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The preparation of financial statements in conformity
with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and judgments that
affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the
financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the applicable reporting period. On an ongoing basis,
we evaluate our estimates and judgments, including those related to accrued expenses and stock-based compensation. Actual results
could differ from those estimates. Such differences could be material to the financial statements.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">We treat liquid investments with original maturities
of less than three months when purchased as cash and cash equivalents.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">We record cash pledged or held in trust as restricted
cash. As of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, we have approximately $0.6 million of restricted cash pledged to secure a line
of credit as a security deposit for an <font style="background-color: white">Office Agreement</font> (see Note 8).</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Investment securities at March 31, 2018 and December
31, 2017 consist of short-term government securities. We classify these securities as held-to-maturity. Held-to-maturity securities
are those securities in which we have the ability and intent to hold the security until maturity. Held-to-maturity securities are
recorded at amortized cost, adjusted for the amortization or accretion of premiums or discounts. Premiums and discounts are amortized
or accreted over the life of the related held-to-maturity security as an adjustment to yield using the effective interest method.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">A decline in the market value of any investment
security below cost, that is deemed to be other than temporary, results in a reduction in the carrying amount to fair value. The
impairment is charged to operations and a new cost basis for the security is established. Other-than-temporary impairment charges
are included in interest and other income (expense), net. Unrealized gains, if determined to be temporary, are included in accumulated
other comprehensive income in equity. Dividend and interest income are recognized when earned.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Financial instruments that potentially subject
the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments. The Company
maintains its cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments with high-credit quality financial institutions. At times, such
amounts may exceed federally-insured limits.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 9pt"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">We recognize license revenue in accordance with
the revenue recognition guidance of ASC 606. We analyze each element of our licensing agreement to determine the appropriate revenue
recognition. The terms of the license agreement may include payments to us of non-refundable up-front license fees, milestone payments
if specified objectives are achieved, and/or royalties on product sales. We recognize revenue from upfront payments over the period
of significant involvement under the related agreements unless the fee is in exchange for a promise to transfer more than one good
or service to the customer, in which case the Company would account for each promised good or service as a performance obligation
only if it is (1) distinct or (2) a series of distinct goods or services that are substantially the same and have the same pattern
of transfer. For each performance obligation, the Company would determine whether we satisfy the performance obligation over time
by transferring control of a good or service over time. To determine whether the Company’s promise is to provide a right
to access its intellectual property or a right to use its intellectual property, the Company would consider the nature of the intellectual
property to which the customer will have rights. The Company has symbolic intellectual property, derived from its association with
the Company’s ongoing activities, including its ordinary business activities. We recognize milestone payments as revenue
upon the achievement of specified milestones only if (1) the milestone payment is non-refundable, (2) substantive effort
is involved in achieving the milestone, (3) the amount of the milestone is reasonable in relation to the effort expended or
the risk associated with achievement of the milestone, and (4) the milestone is at risk for both parties. If any of these
conditions are not met, we defer the milestone payment and recognize it as revenue over the estimated period of performance under
the contract.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Generally, research and development costs are
expensed as incurred. Nonrefundable advance payments for goods or services that will be used or rendered for future research and
development activities are deferred and amortized over the period that the goods are delivered or the related services are performed,
subject to an assessment of recoverability. We make estimates of costs incurred in relation to external clinical research organizations,
or CROs, and clinical site costs. We analyze the progress of clinical trials, including levels of patient enrollment, invoices
received and contracted costs when evaluating the adequacy of the amount expensed and the related prepaid asset and accrued liability.
Significant judgments and estimates must be made and used in determining the accrued balance and expense in any accounting period.
We review and accrue CRO expenses and clinical trial study expenses based on work performed and rely upon estimates of those costs
applicable to the stage of completion of a study. Accrued CRO costs are subject to revisions as such trials progress to completion.
Revisions are charged to expense in the period in which the facts that give rise to the revision become known. With respect to
clinical site costs, the financial terms of these agreements are subject to negotiation and vary from contract to contract. Payments
under these contracts may be uneven, and depend on factors such as the achievement of certain events, the successful recruitment
of patients, the completion of portions of the clinical trial or similar conditions. The objective of our policy is to match the
recording of expenses in our financial statements to the actual services received and efforts expended. As such, expense accruals
related to clinical site costs are recognized based on our estimate of the degree of completion of the event or events specified
in the specific clinical study or trial contract.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Prepaid research and development in our consolidated
balance sheets includes, among other things, certain costs to third party service providers related to development and manufacturing
services as well as clinical development. These agreements often require payments in advance of services performed or goods received.
Accordingly, as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, we recorded approximately $6.8 million and $8.1 million, respectively,
in prepaid research and development related to such advance agreements.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b><i> </i></b></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"> Income taxes are accounted
for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable
to temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective
tax bases, operating losses and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates
expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.
The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in operations in the period that includes
the enactment date. If the likelihood of realizing the deferred tax assets or liability is less than “more likely than not,”
a valuation allowance is then created.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 45pt">We, and our subsidiaries, file income tax returns
in the U.S. Federal jurisdiction and in various states. We have tax net operating loss carryforwards that are subject to examination
for a number of years beyond the year in which they were generated for tax purposes. Since a portion of these net operating loss
carryforwards may be utilized in the future, many of these net operating loss carryforwards will remain subject to examination.
We recognize interest and penalties related to uncertain income tax positions in income tax expense.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">We recognize all stock-based payments to employees
and non-employee directors (as compensation for service) as noncash compensation expense in the condensed consolidated financial
statements based on the fair values of such payments. Stock-based compensation expense recognized each period is based on the value
of the portion of stock-based payment awards that is ultimately expected to vest during the period. Forfeitures are estimated at
the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">For stock-based payments to consultants and other
third-parties (including related parties), noncash compensation expense is determined at the “measurement date.” The
expense is recognized over the vesting period of the award. Until the measurement date is reached, the total amount of compensation
expense remains uncertain. We record compensation expense based on the fair value of the award at the reporting date. The awards
to consultants and other third-parties (including related parties) are then revalued, or the total compensation is recalculated
based on the then current fair value, at each subsequent reporting date.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">In addition, because some of the options, restricted
stock and warrants issued to employees, consultants and other third-parties vest upon achievement of certain milestones, the total
expense is uncertain. Compensation expense for such awards that vest upon the achievement of milestones is recognized when the
achievement of such milestones becomes probable.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 9pt"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Basic net loss per share of our common stock
is calculated by dividing net loss applicable to the common stock by the weighted average number of our common stock outstanding
for the period. Diluted net loss per share of common stock is the same as basic net loss per share of common stock since potentially
dilutive securities from stock options, stock warrants and convertible preferred stock would have an antidilutive effect either
because we incurred a net loss during the periods presented or because such potentially dilutive securities were out of the money
and the Company realized net income during the periods presented. The amounts of potentially dilutive securities excluded from
the calculation were 4,660,180 and 3,634,008 for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The following outstanding
shares of potentially dilutive securities were excluded from the computation of net loss per share attributable to common stockholders
for the periods presented because including them would have been antidilutive:</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 9pt"> </p>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Three Months Ended March 31,</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>2018</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>2017</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="width: 75%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Unvested restricted stock</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">4,159,428</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">3,619,016</font></td>
<td style="width: 2%"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Stock options</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">485,000</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">--</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Shares issuable upon note conversion </font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">15,752</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">14,992</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Total</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">4,660,180</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">3,634,008</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 9pt"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Long-lived assets are reviewed for potential
impairment when circumstances indicate that the carrying value of long-lived tangible and intangible assets with finite lives may
not be recoverable. Management’s policy in determining whether an impairment indicator exists, a triggering event, comprises
measurable operating performance criteria as well as qualitative measures. If an analysis is necessitated by the occurrence of
a triggering event, we make certain assumptions in determining the impairment amount. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds
its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Goodwill is reviewed for impairment annually,
or earlier when events arise that could indicate that an impairment exists. We test for goodwill impairment using a two-step process.
The first step compares the fair value of the reporting unit with the unit's carrying value, including goodwill. When the carrying
value of the reporting unit is greater than fair value, the unit’s goodwill may be impaired, and the second step must be
completed to measure the amount of the goodwill impairment charge, if any. In the second step, the implied fair value of the reporting
unit’s goodwill is compared with the carrying amount of the unit’s goodwill. If the carrying amount is greater than
the implied fair value, the carrying value of the goodwill must be written down to its implied fair value. We will continue to
perform impairment tests annually, at December 31, and whenever events or changes in circumstances suggest that the carrying value
of an asset may not be recoverable.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Rent expense and lease incentives, including
landlord construction allowances, are recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term, commencing generally on the date
the Company takes possession of the leased property. The Company records lease incentives as deferred rent and recognizes the lease
incentives as reductions of rental expense. The unamortized portion of deferred rent is included in deferred rent in the condensed
consolidated balance sheets.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"> </p>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Three Months Ended March 31,</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>2018</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>2017</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="width: 75%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Unvested restricted stock</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">4,159,428</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">3,619,016</font></td>
<td style="width: 2%"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Stock options</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">485,000</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">--</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Shares issuable upon note conversion </font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">15,752</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">14,992</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Total</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">4,660,180</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">3,634,008</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td></tr>
</table>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt"> (in thousands)</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>March 31, 2018</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>December 31, 2017</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="width: 76%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Checking and bank deposits</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">79,923</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$55,682</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Money market funds</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">2,973</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">1,036</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Total</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">82,896</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$56,718</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td></tr>
</table>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt"> (in thousands)</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="14" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>March 31, 2018</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Amortized cost, as adjusted</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Gross unrealized holding gains</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Gross unrealized holding losses</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Estimated fair value</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Short-term investments:</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="width: 49%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Obligations of domestic governmental agencies (maturing between April 2018 and January 2019) (held-to-maturity) </font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">26,181</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">--</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">39</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">26,142</font></td>
<td style="width: 4%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Total short-term investment securities</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">26,181</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">--</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">39</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">26,142</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 9pt">  </p>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="14" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>December 31, 2017</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Amortized cost, as adjusted</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Gross unrealized holding gains</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Gross unrealized holding losses</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Estimated fair value</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Short-term investments:</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="width: 49%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Obligations of domestic governmental agencies (maturing between January 2018 and November 2018) (held-to-maturity) </font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">27,999</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">--</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">35</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">27,964</font></td>
<td style="width: 4%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Total short-term investment securities</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">27,999</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">--</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">35</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">27,964</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 9pt"> </p>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="14" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Financial liabilities at fair value as of March 31, 2018</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt"> (in thousands)</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Level 1</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Level 2</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Level 3</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Total</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="width: 49%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">5% Notes</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">--</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">--</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">224</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">224</font></td>
<td style="width: 4%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Total</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">--</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">--</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">224</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">224</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 9pt"> </p>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="14" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Financial liabilities at fair value as of December 31, 2017</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Level 1</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Level 2</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Level 3</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Total</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="width: 49%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">5% Notes</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">--</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">--</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">128</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">128</font></td>
<td style="width: 4%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Total</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">--</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">--</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">128</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">128</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 9pt"> </p>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">(in thousands)</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="width: 88%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Fair value at December 31, 2017</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">128</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Interest accrued on face value of 5% Notes</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">213</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Change in fair value of Level 3 liabilities</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">(117</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><font style="font-size: 8pt">)</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Fair value at March 31, 2018</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">224</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td></tr>
</table>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid">
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>Number</b></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>of shares</b></p></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid">
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>Weighted-</b></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>average</b></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>exercise price</b></p></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid">
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>Weighted-</b></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>average</b></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>Contractual Term</b></p></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt">    <b>Aggregate Intrinsic Value</b>    </font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>(in years)</b></font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="width: 52%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Outstanding at December 31, 2017</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">--</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">--</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">--</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">--</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="padding-left: 0.25in"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Granted</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">485,000</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">11.30</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="padding-left: 0.25in"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Exercised</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">--</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">--</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="padding-left: 0.25in"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Forfeited</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">--</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">--</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="padding-left: 0.25in"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Expired</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">--</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">--</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Outstanding at March 31, 2018</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">485,000</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">11.30</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">9.85</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">1,406,500</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Exercisable at March 31, 2018</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">--</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">11.30</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">--</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">--</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td></tr>
</table>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Number of Shares</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="width: 76%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Outstanding at December 31, 2017</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">6,321,643</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">7.17</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Granted</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">87,500</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">14.40</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Vested</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">(625,802</font></td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">)</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">7.23</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Forfeited</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">(123,911</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><font style="font-size: 8pt">)</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">8.03</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Outstanding at March 31, 2018</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">5,659,430</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">7.26</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td></tr>
</table>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Three months ended March 31,</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt"> (in thousands)</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>2018</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>2017</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="width: 75%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Stock-based compensation expense associated with restricted stock</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">7,337</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">5,995</font></td>
<td style="width: 2%"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Stock-based compensation expense associated with option grants</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">--</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">--</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Total</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">7,337</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">5,995</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td></tr>
</table>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="10" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"> <b>March 31, 2018</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="10" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>December 31, 2017</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">(in thousands) </font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Current portion, net</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Non-current portion, net</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Total</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Current portion, net</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Non-current portion, net</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Total</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="width: 36%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Convertible 5% Notes Payable</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 7%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">224</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 7%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">-</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 7%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">224</font></td>
<td style="width: 3%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 7%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">128</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 7%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">-</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 7%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">128</font></td>
<td style="width: 3%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Total</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">224</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">-</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">224</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">128</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">-</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">128</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td></tr>
</table>
4660180
3634008
4159428
15752
3619016
14992
485000
0
109200000
600000
26181000
27999000
27999000
26181000
26142000
27964000
27964000
26142000
0
0
0
0
39000
35000
35000
39000
224000
128000
0
0
224000
0
0
128000
224000
128000
0
0
224000
0
0
128000
224000
128000
213000
-117000
17700000
17500000
17700000
17500000
0
485000
500000
485000
485000
0
0
3381866
0
0
0.00
11.30
11.30
.00
.00
.00
11.30
P9Y10M6D
1406500000
0
6321643
5659430
87500
625802
123911
7.17
7.26
14.40
7.23
8.03
7337000
5995000
0
0
7337000
5990000
0
0
0
0
224000
128000
224000
128000
10000000
10000000
0.001
0.001
150000000
150000000
0.001
0.001
3989344
1014605
53400000
14300000
13.38
14.12
52400000
14100000
.50
1125
.05
.05
2015-03-08
2000000
1000000
350000000
300000
1200000
1200000
40539
400000
300000
130000
0
700000
.45
24000
1100000
300000
400000
1400000
P15Y
100000
400000
200000
300000
1000000
79923000
55682000
2973000
1036000
198900000
11500000
P1Y
110000
5000000
2500000
0.001
Amount less than one thousand dollars.